https://www.slideshare.net/ImtiyazTopinkatti/rubber-concrete-79565339

concrete and rubber (data)

https://civiconcepts.com/blog/replacement-of-coarse-aggregate

some other ones that are similar

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214785323013822

a paper on recycled aggregate in concrete mixes - recycled aggregates being concrete waste

Links 'n stuff

https://www.bnproducts.com/blog/what-are-the-proper-concrete-mix-proportions/

rock substitute - R
sand substitute - S
cement - C


- R4-S2-C1 (most used ratio)
- R2-S4-C1 (common for gardening and other such workability scenarios)


- R2-S3-C1
- R1-S2-C1
- R2-S5-C1

cement to water = 1-0.4

Am I going to substitute only sand or also the rock?!?

https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8hcf6f

MythBusters concrete glider

https://sciencing.com/environmental-hazards-of-limestone-mining-13663264.html

Why is limestone bad

How can I change the properties of concrete and use it to my adv...

How will changing the aggregate I add to my concrete change its properties and how can I use this change to benefit a product series I make.

How will the aggregate I add to mortar change the material and how can I use these qualities in objects I make.

mining limestone can cause: ground water, cause sinkholes, habitat destruction, large dust clouds. Often times they study and conduct a careful analysis of the affected area. They only continue to mine limestone if they know for certain that they can without severe consequences.

https://eula.eu/production/#:~:text=Most%20limestone%20is%20extracted%20through,to%2030%2C000%20tonnes%20of%20stone.

Barber, David. “Environmental Hazards of Limestone Mining.” Sciencing, 2 Mar. 2019, sciencing.com/environmental-hazards-of-limestone-mining-13663264.html.

Next step:

I would like to create 3 objects each varying in a concrete component that is heavier in weight. I don't mind if it's the same aggregate or a different one. My project researches an alternative for concrete, I could show up with 3 answers.

-table one is made of concrete IN FULL, but is surprisingly light and durable enough to act as a table.
-table two is low-key also a chair (must be modular) and will be medium weight
-table 3 will have a heavy concrete counter weight and will possibly be made of metal

list of possible aggregates I have access to

Do I need to?


- How will you test it?
- Self healing s stone, rome
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/ancient-roman-concrete-has-self-healing-capabilities/
- Story telling
- Granite gravel - terraso

a good table needs to function as a table, it must be resistant to all the qualities a table is used for. If my table can't be moved or hold heavy items then it's not a good table

Concrete is a worldwide material that is used to construct entire cities, it is a material we have exhausted and a practice that eliminates many acres of land. Harvesting limestone is a large process that destroys entire fields and often times contaminates water sources with oil or gas from mining equipment. By tunnelling and removing large pieces of limestone they remove essential pillars to the ground beneath and cause sinkholes, on top of that the process creates big dust clouds that affect cities down wind. Another component of making concrete has similar issues, harvesting sand in the Mekong river has lead to countless cases of people losing farm land and homes. Moreover, sand is at such a high demand that there have been cases reported of the mafia extracting sand from beaches to sell in the black market (not to mention all the humanitarian reasons this all applies to (child workers, slavery, murder etc.).

The industry puts a lot of stress on these resources, especially sand. Which is why I believe we should use them in moderation. The concrete we make commercially and interact with on a daily basis is made to withstand tons and tons of weight and made to last for a long time. Here you'd most likely want more aggregate and a carefully measured ratio of all the separate components, but often times we don't need concrete to be that strong.

I want to shift the perception of concrete of being this heavy robust material, and instead focus on what concrete has to offer for the average day to day home user. This is why I want to also use a waste material as I think glass, paper, fabric, rope, Styrofoam etc. are all very suitable aggregates for concrete making. While simultaneously being lighter and more eco-friendly to implement. - IDK ABOUT THIS, MAYBE WRITE IT AGAIN


I want to provide an alternative to concrete making
shed light on habitat loss, ground water contamination, on an already very fragile planet (especially the forest fires in the summer)
change peoples perception of concrete
and encourage makers to be mindful of their creations



Aim: For creators to be more mindful of the global situation of concrete making (limestone and sand), to find suitable replacements for concrete aggregate, for non commercial use. (From perspective of resource management)

Hypothesis: I'm hoping I can create suitable products with varying aggregates (if you cant sit on the glass-crete chair... it's not a good chair)

research methodology: through primary research and small scale testing, I will keep a detailed word file where I obtain pictures and correct quantities of materials.


fact should not be around my opinion
points are good, keep it calm, write more

https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/problem-our-dwindling-sand-reserves

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20191108-why-the-world-is-running-out-of-sand
- habitat loss
- illegal sand mining (sand mafia)

Sand

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/earthquake-deaths

global natural disaster frequency

Low tier model making

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRtzENI1jHc&ab_channel=OficinaMaker

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoCc5XmK_FY&ab_channel=IsaacSecret

Medium tier model making

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ho7-U59mwDg&ab_channel=HomeMadeModern

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJGru7vymu8&ab_channel=HomeMadeModern

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2kC2xAkTmg&ab_channel=CasaRefinedByJorge

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibi_z-Antoo&ab_channel=HomeMadeModern

more ideas

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DOLl3AeL9bA&ab_channel=5-MinuteProjectsandDesignIdeas

feedback

fact should not be anywhere close to my opinion - keep that separate
points are good, keep it calm, write more

-https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24062022/concrete-is-worse-for-the-climate-than-flying-why-arent-more-people-talking-about-it/#:~:text=Manufacturing%20concrete%20similarly%20requires%20power,of%20cement%20manufactured%2C%20researchers%20say.

cement, but also just global news:
-https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22092023/todays-climate-lackluster-climate-ambition-summit-2023/

cement

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339304868_Environmental_Hazards_of_Limestone_Mining_and_Adaptive_Practices_for_Environment_Management_Plan#:~:text=Limestone%20mining%20causes%20widespread%20disturbance,and%20changes%20in%20aquifer%20regimes.